Shop עברית

Q&A

Uprooting a fruit tree to build a storage area

Dr. Mordechai Shomron, agronomist

I want to build a storage area in my yard, but there's an avocado tree currently standing in the area where I want to build it. Am I allowed to uproot the avocado tree?

Kilei hakerem and sweet potato vine

Yehuda Heller, agronomist

You taught me that flowers and non-edible plants (and trees) can grow under a vine, but vegetables and edible herbs cannot.

What about a plant that I understood to be only ornamental, but I have discovered on the internet can also be used like spinach and other edible leaves?

 The plant in question is sweet potato vine. Its roots or tubers are not edible but the leaves can be used as food. Is it a problem even if we don’t eat them?

Our grapevine is in its second year of orlah. If we cannot let that plant grow under the vine, has it had a negative effect on the vine and future grapes already?

Status of fruit from a tree planted anywhere between September 2020-December 2021

Rabbi Bloom
My neighbour's orange tree hangs over our wall and has a lot of fruit on it. They are not religious and they did not plant the tree so they don't know how old it is. 
I have photos of the area from December 2021 and I can see the tree in it so it is at least 3 years old. It definitely wasn't there in September 2020, which is the only earlier photo I could find. It could have been planted any time between September 2020 and December 2021.
My question is can I pick and eat the fruit? 

Are products of cross-pollinization (hybrids) forbidden?

Rabbi Moshe Bloom

I planted an African blue basil plant in my garden (in Israel). I recently learned that this plant is propagated through cross pollination of two other basil species. Is it permitted to keep this plant in my garden? I assume so but want to check. I would love to understand the analysis. Thank you!

The Torah's attitude on the prohibition of lashon hara when it comes to the media revealing perpetrators

Rabbi Noam Altman | Emunat Itecha, Issue 148, pp. 33–34

I am a media student, and throughout my studies I frequently encounter complex halachic questions concerning the boundaries between freedom of expression, information disclosure, and lashon hara (harmful speech). From my time in yeshiva, I recall that the Chafetz Chaim sets stringent and detailed conditions for when speaking lashon hara for a constructive purpose is permitted. At times, it seems as though halacha tends to protect the offender—shielding him behind a wall of silence—while the victim, who has been harmed, remains unprotected and without recourse. How can we understand the Torah’s approach, which appears to exercise extreme caution toward wrongdoers rather than coming to the aid of those they have hurt?

Buying fruit trees in the US when the rootstock-scion pair is unknown

Rabbi Moshe Bloom

Hi, I was hoping you could help me. Any of the box stores and vendors that sell fruit trees in the United States do not list their rootstock. My understanding is that at times they can use various different rootstocks that are often not the original min. How concerned do I have to be about this when purchasing these trees?

Rootballing, germinating from seed, and bonsais in pots to replant later in the ground

Rabbi Moshe Bloom

1.       I saw a technique called rootballing, where you peel off the bark of a tree around a branch and cover it with soil and it sends out roots. Then you disconnect if from the tree and plant it. This also allows it to produce fruit more quickly. Is this allowed halachically?

2.       My plan is to plant the branch with roots in a pot and make it a bonsai, and place it on my porch. I also am planning to take seeds of various fruits and germinate them, like avocados – also to prepare bonsais. Perhaps eventually, if I move and have a bigger garden, I might transplant it into the ground and it will grow bigger. Is it ok halachically to grow a tree as a bonsai?

Terumot and ma'aserot for vegetables on the porch, plus using compost for fertilizer

Rabbi Moshe Bloom
I am growing tomatoes, cucumbers, and peppers in perforated pots on my porch, on a concrete floor.
Just to confirm - any organic compost (such as worms) is not a problem to use for plants - even if it's from non-kosher matter?
Do I have to take ma'aser/terumah every time I pick from the plants? 

Kilei zera'im for vegetables growing in separate containers sharing water

Rabbi Moshe Bloom

I am growing peppers, tomatoes and cucumbers . Each vegetable is in a separate container on my porch that has a concrete floor. all of the pots are perforated. am I obligated to ensure a certain amount of distance between the containers due to laws of kilayim? For example, the pepper pot and tomato pot are sitting directly on the concrete floor and when I water them, and the water flows out of the bottom of the pots - the waters are mixing - maybe one is feeding from the other? Thank you

Sweet potatoes sprouted in my potato pot - is that kilayim?

Rabbi Moshe Bloom

I had a pot with sweet potatoes and wanted to plant potatoes there instead. So, I thought that I cleaned all the sweet potato remnants, but lo and behold! This was the result. Are they kilei zera'im? What should I do now? Will I be permitted to eat the potatoes and sweet potatoes?