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Q&A

Are products of cross-pollinization (hybrids) forbidden?

Rabbi Moshe Bloom

I planted an African blue basil plant in my garden (in Israel). I recently learned that this plant is propagated through cross pollination of two other basil species. Is it permitted to keep this plant in my garden? I assume so but want to check. I would love to understand the analysis. Thank you!

The Torah's attitude on the prohibition of lashon hara when it comes to the media revealing perpetrators

Rabbi Noam Altman | Emunat Itecha, Issue 148, pp. 33–34

I am a media student, and throughout my studies I frequently encounter complex halachic questions concerning the boundaries between freedom of expression, information disclosure, and lashon hara (harmful speech). From my time in yeshiva, I recall that the Chafetz Chaim sets stringent and detailed conditions for when speaking lashon hara for a constructive purpose is permitted. At times, it seems as though halacha tends to protect the offender—shielding him behind a wall of silence—while the victim, who has been harmed, remains unprotected and without recourse. How can we understand the Torah’s approach, which appears to exercise extreme caution toward wrongdoers rather than coming to the aid of those they have hurt?

Buying fruit trees in the US when the rootstock-scion pair is unknown

Rabbi Moshe Bloom

Hi, I was hoping you could help me. Any of the box stores and vendors that sell fruit trees in the United States do not list their rootstock. My understanding is that at times they can use various different rootstocks that are often not the original min. How concerned do I have to be about this when purchasing these trees?

Rootballing, germinating from seed, and bonsais in pots to replant later in the ground

Rabbi Moshe Bloom

1.       I saw a technique called rootballing, where you peel off the bark of a tree around a branch and cover it with soil and it sends out roots. Then you disconnect if from the tree and plant it. This also allows it to produce fruit more quickly. Is this allowed halachically?

2.       My plan is to plant the branch with roots in a pot and make it a bonsai, and place it on my porch. I also am planning to take seeds of various fruits and germinate them, like avocados – also to prepare bonsais. Perhaps eventually, if I move and have a bigger garden, I might transplant it into the ground and it will grow bigger. Is it ok halachically to grow a tree as a bonsai?

Terumot and ma'aserot for vegetables on the porch, plus using compost for fertilizer

Rabbi Moshe Bloom
I am growing tomatoes, cucumbers, and peppers in perforated pots on my porch, on a concrete floor.
Just to confirm - any organic compost (such as worms) is not a problem to use for plants - even if it's from non-kosher matter?
Do I have to take ma'aser/terumah every time I pick from the plants? 

Uprooting fruit trees: Pomegranate with poor-quality fruit

Rabbi David Eigner

Our rimon tree is about 5-6 years old. It's never really given its edible fruit. We're considering getting another non-fruit tree in its place. Are we allowed to uproot the rimon?


Kilei zera'im for vegetables growing in separate containers sharing water

Rabbi Moshe Bloom

I am growing peppers, tomatoes and cucumbers . Each vegetable is in a separate container on my porch that has a concrete floor. all of the pots are perforated. am I obligated to ensure a certain amount of distance between the containers due to laws of kilayim? For example, the pepper pot and tomato pot are sitting directly on the concrete floor and when I water them, and the water flows out of the bottom of the pots - the waters are mixing - maybe one is feeding from the other? Thank you

Sweet potatoes sprouted in my potato pot - is that kilayim?

Rabbi Moshe Bloom

I had a pot with sweet potatoes and wanted to plant potatoes there instead. So, I thought that I cleaned all the sweet potato remnants, but lo and behold! This was the result. Are they kilei zera'im? What should I do now? Will I be permitted to eat the potatoes and sweet potatoes?

Kilei hakerem: Do I need to move chives and alpine strawberries when I didn't plan to eat them?

Rabbi Netanel Oyerbach

Sholom u’vrocho!

I came across your article on line about the above topic.

I have 2 grape vines in separate locations in my garden in Chutz L’Aretz (Manchester).

Whilst I have taken care not to plant any vegetables near or under the vine I have some self-seeded chives which are growing near one. These are not eaten but have been allowed to grow as they produce purple flowers which attract the bees.

Near the second vine there are some alpine strawberries which have grown and spread just under the end of the leaf canopy. Again, these are not eaten but left for their tiny white flowers.

Do I need to uproot either or both the chives and the alpine strawberries?

Please advise. Yasher koach.

Do I need to tithe from one lychee outside?

Rabbi Moshe Bloom

Quick question - if I pick a lychee from my tree and want to eat it straight away, do I need to take terumot and maaserot first?